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Password Protection

Segregate your passwords in categories

It's easier to manage Web site passwords if you keep them in separate categories. I use "nuisance", "sensitive" and "critical" for my categories. Any old password will do for the first. You need something stronger for the second, and critical Web site passwords should be "strong".

"Nuisance" passwords are for Web sites that require a password before you can access content -- "The New York Times" for example. You can just use one common password for all sites in the nuisance category. For example use "loooky" as the common password, with "loooky2" as the alternative when a numeral must be part of the password.

You can use a password generating formula for "sensitive" Web sites. Examples might be your Excite.com personalized page, an About.com forum, and your Yahoo.com email account. The passwords would be exc73xyz, abo73xyz, and yah73xyz for these three sites. You can guess the formula (but don't use this one) from these examples. If a hacker got one of these passwords, they could easily figure out all your other "sensitive" passwords, but you don't have that much at risk except inconvenience.

You should definitely use a unique password for each "Critical" Web site where you need to log in. Online banking, mutual fund accounts and broker accounts are examples of sites that you should put in the critical category. Use a separate "strong" password for each of the sites in this category. [more on passwords]

Strong Passwords

  • Don't reuse sensitive or critical passwords. Generate a new one for each account or website that needs a password. I also use a different password for *every* website where I need to logon, but there's no real need to make these "nuisance" passwords different for each website (see above).
  • Don't use a word or number which can be identified with you, such as your phone number, your dog's name, your license plate, or the names of family members. These are the kinds of password elements that thieves and hackers try first.
  • Don't use single words, for example elephant. Hackers can easily try all the words in the dictionary with their computer.
  • Don't use number's in simple phrases, for example, 2myvisa or password4me. These are also easy to guess because they're so commonly used.
  • Use a random combination of letters and numbers, for example, ry83xt9q. Use at least eight characters if that many are allowed. A password manager (see below) is a good way to "remember" passwords like this.
  • Use upper and lower case letters if allowed, for example, rY83St9Q. That makes the password twice as strong. And if you can include symbols, rY83$t9# is even stronger.
  • If a long password is allowed(many don't) you can use a "passphrase". For example, "ArizonaYankeesNewYorkDiamondbacks" or "TwentySevenDucks27andThree3Geese" might be easy ones to remember.
  • Don't write the password down and leave it where it can easily be found.

Remembering passwords

I have two strong passwords that I don't keep on my computer and don't write down either. (I'd need them if the house burned down anyway, so it's better to rely on memory.) These passwords let me in to Password Safe (see below) to get my critically sensitive Passwords. I use them frequently enough to remember them, so memory works for me (in this case).

Mozilla is the browser I use. One of the things I like about Mozilla is that is stores passwords and form data. When you return to a particular website, Mozilla then fills in your user ID and password (or other form data) automatically.

I don't let Mozilla remember my critical passwords though. I store them them in Password Safe. And don't rely on your browser as the only storage place for any of your passwords. It's too easy for them to get erased. You also need to plan ahead to the day when you get a new or different computer. Any good separate password keeper will give you the ability to back up and also transfer your passwords.

The most secure (and relatively handy) way that I know of to keep passwords is a program called Password Safe. This free program will also generate strong random passwords to use. (I have confidence that Password Safe will keep my passwords secure because it was developed by people who are experts in security and encryption. PGP (pretty good privacy) is a good alternative.

I use Dropit for less critical passwords. It makes passwords available with just a click. There are many other programs out there like Dropit. I'd be careful about which one I selected though. Some of them are spyware in disguise. Especially the ones that promote themselves heavily.

If you couple a password keeper with automatic form filling you've got a tool many of us can make good use of. ZDNet reviews a few. Fred Langa recommends Al Robo Form. And don't forget that Mozilla does this too.

Resources

A good article on secure passwords at About.com.

"People seldom need educating, but they often need reminding." -- Samuel Johnson
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